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Tuesday, October 27, 2009

Cbox vs Shoutmix: Who is better ?

There are some tools we can use to express our chat activity and connect to our visitors through our site or blog. Some are Shoutmix and Cbox. In this blog I install Shoutbox/shoutmix rather than Cbox. I didn't have any crucial consideration in the beginning when I installed this kind of tools in my blog. Both have similar feature and function.

                                            

Looking after several other sites I have visited, I found some experiences during try to leave my comment or chat. In most of blogs using Cbox, I underwent difficulty on submitting my words. Most of them are failed being posted.

In the other hand, in some other blogs using Shoutbox, I didn't find those kind of problem. Almost all of my shout were successfully posted. Base on my experiances, I can justify Shoubox is better than Cbox, especially in its respond and the easiness to post any shout. I didn't compare they other features.

What about your experiences?






Monday, October 26, 2009

Youth Congress II (Kongres Pemuda II)

The idea of organizing the Second Youth Congress (Kongres Pemuda II) came from the Association of  Indonesian Students (PPPI), a youth organization that consisted of students from all over Indonesia. PPPI initiative, the Congress held in three different buildings and divided in three meetings.

The first meeting, Saturday, October 27, 1928, in Building Katholieke Jongenlingen Bond (KJB), Waterlooplein (now Lapangan Banteng). In his speech, chairman of PPI Sugondo Djojopuspito hope Congress can strengthen the spirit of unity in the heart of the youth. The event was followed by Moehammad Yamin speech which explained the meaning and relationships between unity and youth. According to him, there are five factors that can strengthen the unity of Indonesia is the history, languages, customary law, education, and willingness.

The second meeting, Sunday, October 28, 1928, in Oost-Java House Bioscoop, discuss education issues. Both speakers, Poernomowoelan and Sarmidi Mangoensarkoro, argued that children should be educated nation, must also have a balance between education at school and at home. Children also should be educated in a democratic way.

At the closing meeting, in building Clubgebouw Indonesische Kramat Raya in Jalan 106, Sunario explained the importance of nationalism and democracy in addition to scouting movement. While Ramelan argued, scouting movement can not be separated from the national movement. Scouting movement since the early educate children and self-discipline, the things needed in the struggle.

Before the congress closed played the song "Indonesia Raya" by Wage Rudolf Supratman, who played the violin without poetry, on the advice Sugondo to Supratman. The song was greeted with a very lively by the participants of the congress. Congress closed with the statement announcing the results of the congress. By the youth who were present, it is pronounced as formulations Pledge of Allegiance.













Participants
The Second Youth Congress participants came from various representatives of existing youth organizations at the time, such as Jong Java, Jong Ambon, Jong Celebes, Jong Batak, Jong Sumatranen Bond, Bond Islamieten Jong, PPPI, Youth The Betawi, etc..

Among them there are even some young people Tionghoa as observers, namely Oey Kay Siang, John Lauw Tjoan Hok and Tjio Djien Kwie and Kwee Thiam Hong as a representative of Bond Sumatranen Jong. Baswedan AR initiated by the descendants of arab youth in Indonesia, held a congress in Semarang and gave an Oath of young arab descent.

Building
Building on Jalan Kramat Raya 106, where he read the Youth Oath, is a boarding house for students and student property of Kok Liong Sie. The building of Kramat 106 had renovated by Pemda DKI Jakarta on 3 April to 20 May 1973 and was inaugurated Governor of DKI Jakarta, Ali Sadikin, on May 20, 1973 as a Youth Pledge Building. The building was re-inaugurated by President Soeharto on May 20, 1974. In the course of history, the Youth Pledge Building was managed by Pemda DKI Jakarta, and is currently managed by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda)

Toward the end of October, we are Indonesian people reminded one of the historical events. October 28, is a milestone for Indonesia, where youngsters unite the determination and spirit for unity. As a form of unity statement, in the Youth Congress II, they poured in a 3 point formula:



1.We the sons and daughters of Indonesia, acknowledge one motherland, Indonesia.
2.We the sons and daughters of Indonesia, acknowledge one nation, the nation of Indonesia.
3.We the sons and daughters of Indonesia, respect the language of unity, Indonesian.


Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda) formulation was written by Moehammad Yamin on a paper when Mr. Sunario, as a scout delegates was in speeching at the last session of Congress. The oath was initially read by Soegondo and then explained in detail by Yamin.


Today, Youth Pledge's spirit become a means to unite all Indonesian people. Not only for the youth but also to all of Indonesia citizens, to realize that we are one Indonesia.

Sunday, October 25, 2009

YOU ARE GRANTED

Highly appreciated to who has given me these awards. My two first and second award come from Engkong Jaya.

As the rule, I have to share and granted these awards to other.
1. My first award : ALL MY FRIENDSHIP the rule HERE>>
2. My second award : OPEN SOURCE BLOG POST the rule HERE>>

Note: This awards is voluntary, no compulsion
Here are who be granted ALL MY FRIENDSHIP award:
1. Heru http://tiara-heru.blogspot.com/
2. Rizky2009 http://rizky2009.blogspot.com/
3. Miawruu http://kucingtengil.blogspot.com/

Here are to whom I grant the OPEN SOURCE BLOG POST award:
1. Talitakum                (http://studio-talitakum.blogspot.com/)
2. Dukdukmonk          (http://dukdukmonk.blogspot.com/)
3. Heru                       (http://tiara-heru.blogspot.com/)
4. Tri Spo Yo             (http://bagi-bagirejeki.blogspot.com/)
5. Enno                       (http://visitz-indonesia.blogspot.com/)
6. MySelf Mario         (http://dirikumario.blogspot.com/)
7. Menara                   (http://lonceng-kaliptra.blogspot.com/)
8. Amin                       (http://amin-raha.blogspot.com/)
9. Agung                     (http://f2area.blogspot.com/)
10Dilarang Melarang  (http://nagapasha.blogspot.com/)

For second award, as the part of the rule, below link must be included into your site, except you have to shift one step up for each name. Rizky will disappear and then no 10 will be your Blog link.(some link are missing as no detail data from before)

1. Rizky
2. kupu.miss.oemang
3. shulayman
4. Imenoreh
5. Kluwan Love is Beauty
6. satriacell
7. eMoMySelf
8. Ikhsan
9. Menjadi Lebih baik
10.Amrih Gunawan

Happy blogging..







Wednesday, October 21, 2009

SBY Announces Cabinet Member

A day after inaugurated on 20 October 2009, Indonesian President-elect Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) has confirmed and announced his cabinet line up (21 October 2009) at the Merdeka Palace, Jakarta.

During the three-days audition, 36 people was called by SBY as a potential minister or minister-level officials. 34 ministerial positions already filled all, plus 2 level ministerial officials. 

In the annoucement Yudhoyono said he will create new deputy posts in several department or ministry to support the concerned ministries. Further more, there is no change for the post of Attorney General and the Commander of the Armed Forces.


Here is SBY-Boediono cabinet composition  called as The United Indonesia Cabinet II (Kabinet Indonesia Bersatu II):

MENTERI NEGARA (DEPARTMENT LEADER)


Djoko Suyanto

Menko Polhukam (Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal and Security Affairs)

Hatta Rajasa
Menko Perekonomian (Coordinating Minister for Economy)


R. Agung Laksono
Menko Kesra (Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare)



Sudi Silalahi
Mensesneg (Minister/State Secretary)


Gamawan Fauzi, SH.MM
Menneg PAN dan Reformasi Birokrasi (Minister of State Administrative Reforms)



Sri Mulyani Indrawati
Menkeu (Finance Minister)


Mari Elka Pangestu, PhD
Menteri Perdagangan (Trade Minister)



Prof. Dr.Ir. Mohammad Nuh
Mendiknas (National Education Minister)


Suryadharma Ali
Menteri Agama (Minister of Religious Affairs)



Tifatul Sembiring
Menkominfo (Minister of Communication and Information Technology)


Syarif Hasan
Menteri Koperasi dan UKM (State Minister for Cooperation and Small & Middle Business)



Andi Mallarangeng
Menneg Pora (State Minister for Youth and Sports Affairs)


Helmy Faishal Zaini
Menneg PDT (Minister of Development for Least Developed Regions )




Jero Wacik
Mentwer Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata (Minister of Cultural and Tourism)



Muhaimin Iskandar
Menakertrans (Manpower and Transmigration Minister)



EE Mangindaan
Menteri Dalam Negeri (Minister of Home Affairs)


Endang Rahayu Sedyaningsih
Menteri Kesehatan (Health Minister)



Salim Segaf Al Jufri
Menteri Sosial (Minister of Social Affairs)


Mustafa Abubakar
Menneg BUMN (State Minister for State-Owned Enterprises)



Suharso Manoarfa
Menteri Perumahan Rakyat (Public Housing Minister)


Zulkifli Hasan,SE,MM
Menteri Kehutanan (Minister of Forestry)



Patrialis Akbar
Menkum HAM (Human Right Minister)


Linda Agum Gumelar
Menneg PP dan Perlindungan Anak (Minister of Woman Empowerment and Children Protection) 



Suharna Suryapranata
Menteri Riset dan Teknologi (Research and Technology Minister)


Gusti Muhammad Hatta
Menneg Lingkungan Hidup (Environment Minister)



Djoko Kirmanto
Menteri Pekerjaan Umum (Minister of Pulic Works)


MS Hidayat
Menteri Perindustrian (Industrial Minister)



Darwin Saleh
Menteri ESDM (Energy and Mineral Resources Minister)


Purnomo Yusgiantoro
Menteri Pertahanan (Defence Minister)



Suswono, MMA
Menteri Pertanian (Agricultural Minister)


Freddy Numberi
Menteri Perhubungan (Minister of Transportation)



Marty Natalegawa
Menlu (Minister for Foreign Affairs)


Fadel Muhammad
Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan (Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries)



Armida Alisjahbana
Menneg PPN/Kepala Bappenas (Minister of National Development Planning)



JABATAN SETINGKAT MENTERI (MINISTER-LEVEL OFFICIALS)


Jenderal (Purn) Sutanto
Kepala BIN (Head of State Intellegence Agency)



Gita Wirjawan
Kepala BKPM (Chief of Investment Coordinating Board)


Kuntoro Mangkusobroto
Kepala Unit Tim Kerja Presiden, 
Pengawasan dan Pengendalian Pembangunan
(Head of Presidential Working Unit for 
Development Monitoring and Controlling)



Tuesday, October 20, 2009

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Tuesday, October 13, 2009

Miyabi to Feature in Indonesian Movie?

Maria Ozawa (Miyabi) is a porn Japanese film artist who successfully follow in the footsteps her senior, Asia Carera, former porn artist. Maria Ozawa is now the most sought after artists and popular among others porn actresses in Asia. The girl's birth is a 1986 Japanese hybrid mixture of France and Canada. Miyabi herself attended the International School who made her social network is extensive and very good in English.
Miyabi's name rocketed in the world of blue movies in Asia since she starred in her first porn film in 2005, "New Face" in the production house S1. Under S1 production house Miyabi starred blue films, almost every month with a new title until 2007. Besides starring in dozens of porn movies in Japan, Miyabi also starred in several video clips, one of them is "Summer Time" in the DSC production House.

Movies playing in Indonesia?

A controversy is now getting hot in Indonesia, following the news that Miyabi will play in the Indonesian film titled "Munculik Miyabi" that mean "Kidnapping Miyabi". The film itself is scheduled to be produced by Picture Maxima production house. This production house produced "Pasak Kuntilanak" that also evoke controversy because considered as pornographic movie.

"The plan the end of 2009, the month of December," said Odi Mulya Hidayat, Maxima Pictures producer, as quoted from detikhot.com site, Wednesday (16/9/2009).
Meanwhile, "Munculik Miyabi" script will be written by Raditya Dika previously known has written a pretty successful movie, ie "Kambing Jantan" that mean Male Goat.
Refusal comes from some organizations, especially among the clergy. Miyabi arrival were considered to be no benefits and a very strong image as a clear porn star caused controversy. Some others who oppose the arrival of Miyabi is MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council), FPI (Islamic Defenders Front), Minister of Women Empowerment of Indonesia Meuthia Hatta and some moslem students.
In the other hand, producer of Maxima Pictures Odi Mulya Hidayat said the arrival of Miyabi to Indonesia to play comedy film "Menculik Miyabi" will give another "color" to Indonesian film.

SBY Cabinet 2009-2014

Pekanbaru — Indonesian President-elect Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) has been started to arrange his 2009-2014 cabinet.As the year comes to a close, SBY already has taken numerous steps to prepare for his presidency, which begins October 20.
Top priorities for the new president will be the economy and folk prospherity. But there are many other important domestic and international concerns such as earth quake catastrophe, unemployee issue, national security and terrorism, also regional and global issue .
Immediately following his election on 20 August 2009, SBY began naming and meeting with advisers who will help guide him on these tough issues. SBY said he will set up the action plan in the next two months (August - October). He promised that his cabinet then will be ready to work one day after formally inaugurated on 20 October 2009. SBY said his next cabinet is "working cabinet", with the result that the name that will fill the cabinet are professionals. Some ministers will be choosed from his coalition party. In 2009 election, SBY with his Democratic party, supported by 24 others parties. President spokesman Andy Mallarangeng earlier said that the next Cabinet would possibly include figures from parties outside the current coalition with SBY's Democratic Party. According to him, SBY has talked with a number of political parties, including the Golkar Party, the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) and the Great Indonesia Movement Party (Gerindra). SBY base on his yesterday speech said his cabinet will consist of 34 ministers.

RECRUITMENT PROCESS

Ahmad Mubarok, Vice Chairman of Democratic Party comments that recruitment process will start on Friday, 16 October 2009 till 19 October 2009. Minister nominees will be invited to Cikeas, SBY personal house, and will carry out fit and proper test.
In other occasion in Cikeas, Boediono, Vice President elect said:"To prepare the cabinet formation process and involves various stages of course I can not specify, the President has received various proposals from the coalition parties. Of course this will continue examined by the President about the proposed candidate, had I seen all the cv (Curiculum Vitae, ed) that he himself would look very carefully".
Boediono said that in the process, he will accompany President Yudhoyono, and of course will ask for input from the figures the minister candidate.
"There will be the role of vice president, will certainly be asked for views, the decision on him," he said.
He added, "there will be a schedule such a meeting with President interview candidates who are selected and then there are stages in which health tests should be carried out by those who are potential ministers".
"This step must be carefully prepared, on time on track and later the president is expected to announce new cabinet".
On that occasion, he said 100-day program and a five-year work program outlined done so in time the prospective ministers to know the government work plan and whether or not capable of fulfilling.
"This 100-day we select a fundamental step, could be the beginning of activities that can not be completed 100 days but the fundamental, and it can be completed 100 days. The combination of both, the first task of the ministers, the five-yearly described in detail by the ministers and to hold, the proportion who later sought fit, "he said.
He added that the proportion of candidates from political parties and candidates will be balanced professionals

ECONOMIC TEAM

With the economy to be a top concern early in his presidency, SBY’s first post-election announcements focused on members of his economic team. Among them will be Sri Mulyani Indrawati and Kuntoro Mangkusobroto (Economic Coordinator Minister candidates), Anggito Abimanyu/Chatib Basri/M Ikhsan (Finance Minister candidates), Joyo Winoto/Purnomo Yusgiantoro (National Development Planning Agency Head candidates).

The reported list of several possible minister candidates :

(quoted from The Jakarta Post)

From the Golkar Party:

1. Agung Laksono 2. Muladi 3. Andi Mattalata 4. Erlangga Hartarto

From the PDI-P:

5. Pramono Anung 6. Puan Maharani

From Gerindra:

7. Prabowo Subianto

Current Cabinet members:

8. Purnomo Yusgiantoro 9. Bachtiar Chamsyah (PPP) 10. Taufik Effendi (Democratic Party) 11. Hatta Rajasa (PAN) 12. Mardiyanto 13. Hasan Wirajuda 14. Sri Mulyani Indrawati 15. Mari Elka Pangestu 16. Anton Apriyantono (PKS) 17. MS Kaban (Reform Star Party) 18. Jusman Syafei Djamal 19. Adhyaksa Dault (PKS) 20. Fredy Numbery (Democratic Party) 21. Siti Fadillah Supari 22. Djoko Kirmanto 23. Bambang Sudibyo (PAN) 24. Jero Wacik (Democratic Party) 25. Meutia Hatta (Indonesian Unity Nationhood Party) 26. Lukman Edy (PKB) 27. Mohammad Nuh 28. Sofyan Djalil

Other names include:

29. Djoko Suyanto (former Indonesian military chief) 30. Joyo Winoto (National Land Agency (BPN) chairman) 31. MS Hidayat (Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (Kadin) chairman) 32. Darwin Z Saleh (chief of the Democratic Party's economics division) 33. Soetanto (former National Police chief) 34. Hermanto Dardak (the Public Works Ministry's director general of highways 35. Hidayat Nur Wahid (PKS) 36. Muhaimin Iskandar (PKB chairman) 37. Kurdi Mustofa (presidential special staff member) 38. Tifatul Sembiring (President of PKS) 39. Andi Arif (secretary-general of Jaringan Nusantara) 40. Siti Nurbaya (secretary-general of the Regional Representatives Council) 41. Arif Afandi (deputy mayor Surabaya) 42. Felix Wanggai (Papua figure) 43. Andi Mallarangeng (Democratic Party) 44. Roestanto Wahidi Dirdjojuwono (Democratic Party) 45. Cahyana Ahmaddjayadi (director general of Telecommunication and Information Technology Applications at the Communications and Information Ministry).

Saturday, October 10, 2009

Back to Work...

Going home since 25 September 2009, taken my annual leave, today is my last day enjoying my holiday. So many things I have done during my "rest" period at home. Visited my family, relatives, my girlfriend, my grandma and grandpa, my friends, and visited some ineresting place: Teleng Ria beach in Pacitan East Java, Goa Gong (2nd visit), and Sarangan lake. These all are my "happy" occasion.

On the other hand, I also got my "sad" experience. One of my grandma is passed away on Friday, October 09 2009. During my plan to go back to Riau, she died. Bye..bye my grandma. All you have done for me has made me become as "me" as today.


Today, I am going to Riau...with new spirit to do all better things, in the same way as I am waiting for special thing in next December....(???). I am coming back Riau..

Monday, October 5, 2009

Indonesia in Statistic


Background

The Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early 17th century; Japan occupied the islands from 1942 to 1945. Indonesia declared its independence after Japan's surrender, but it required four years of intermittent negotiations, recurring hostilities, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to transfer sovereignty in 1949. Indonesia's first free parliamentary election after decades of repressive rule took place in 1999. Indonesia is now the world's third-largest democracy, the world's largest archipelagic state, and home to the world's largest Muslim population. Current issues include: alleviating poverty, improving education, preventing terrorism, consolidating democracy after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing economic and financial reforms, stemming corruption, holding the military and police accountable for past human rights violations, addressing climate change, and controlling avian influenza. In 2005, Indonesia reached a historic peace agreement with armed separatists in Aceh, which led to democratic elections in December 2006. Indonesia continues to face a low intensity separatist movement in Papua.



Geography
Archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean.
Location:
Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean
Geographic coordinates:
5 00 S, 120 00 E
Area:
total: 1,919,440 sq km land: 1,826,440 sq km water: 93,000 sq km
Size comparison: slightly less than three times the size of Texas

Land Boundaries:
total: 2,830 km border countries: Timor-Leste 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km
Coastline:
54,716 km
Maritime claims:
measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate:
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
Terrain:
mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m
Natural resources:
petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver
Land use:
arable land: 11.03% permanent crops: 7.04% other: 81.93% (2005)
Irrigated land:
45,000 sq km (2003)
Natural hazards:
occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires
Current Environment Issues:
deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires
International Environment Agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
People
Population:
240,271,522 (July 2009 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 28.1% (male 34,337,341/female 33,162,207) 15-64 years: 66% (male 79,549,569/female 78,918,321) 65 years and over: 6% (male 6,335,208/female 7,968,876) (2009 est.)
Median age:
total: 27.6 years male: 27.1 years female: 28.1 years (2008 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.136% (2009 est.)
Birth rate:
19.24 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate:
6.24 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Net migration rate:
-1.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 29.97 deaths/1,000 live births male: 34.93 deaths/1,000 live births female: 24.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 70.76 years male: 68.26 years female: 73.38 years (2009 est.)
Total fertility rate:
2.31 children born/woman (2009 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.2% (2007 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
270,000 (2007 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
8,700 (2007 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Indonesian(s) adjective: Indonesian
Ethnic groups:
Javanese 40.6%, Sundanese 15%, Madurese 3.3%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Betawi 2.4%, Bugis 2.4%, Banten 2%, Banjar 1.7%, other or unspecified 29.9% (2000 census)
Religions:
Muslim 86.1%, Protestant 5.7%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 3.4% (2000 census)
Languages:
Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects (the most widely spoken of which is Javanese)
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 90.4% male: 94% female: 86.8% (2004 est.)

Government
Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Indonesia conventional short form: Indonesia local long form: Republik Indonesia local short form: Indonesia former: Netherlands East Indies, Dutch East Indies
Government type:
republic
Capital:
name: Jakarta geographic coordinates: 6 10 S, 106 49 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: Indonesia is divided into three time zones
Administrative divisions:
30 provinces (propinsi-propinsi, singular - propinsi), 2 special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 special capital city district** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Kepulauan Riau, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua, Papua Barat (Irian Jaya Barat), Riau, Sulawesi Barat, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta* note: following the implementation of decentralization beginning on 1 January 2001, the 465 regencies and municipalities have become the key administrative units responsible for providing most government services
Independence:
17 August 1945 (declared) note: recognized by the Netherlands on 27 December 1949; in August 2005, the Netherlands announced it recognized de facto Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945
National holiday:
Independence Day, 17 August (1945)
Constitution:
August 1945; abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959; series of amendments concluded in 2002
Legal system:
based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts and by new criminal procedures and election codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO (since 20 October 2004; currently hold the 2nd period); Vice President Prof. Dr. Booediono (since October 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO (since 20 October 2004); Vice President Prof. Dr. Booediono (since October 2009) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president elections: president and vice president were elected for five-year terms (eligible for a second term) by direct vote of the citizenry; last held 8 July 2009 (next to be held in 2014) election results: Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO elected president receiving 60.6% of vote; MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri received 39.4%
Legislative branch:
People's Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat or MPR) is the upper house, consists of members of DPR and DPD, has role in inaugurating and impeaching the president and in amending the constitution, does not formulate national policy; House of Representatives or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) (550 seats, members elected to serve five-year terms), formulates and passes legislation at the national level; House of Regional Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah or DPD), constitutionally mandated role includes providing legislative input to DPR on issues affecting regions elections: last held 5 April 2004 (next to be held on 9 April 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - PD 20.5%, Golkar 14.5%, PDI-P 14.03%, PKS 7.88%, PAN 6.01%, PPP 5.32%, PKB 4.94%, Gerindra 4.46% others 22.36%.
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung is the final court of appeal and does not have the power of judicial review (justices appointed by the president from a list of candidates selected by the legislature); in March 2004 the Supreme Court assumed administrative and financial responsibility for the lower court system from the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights; Constitutional Court or Mahkamah Konstitusi (invested by the president on 16 August 2003) has the power of judicial review, jurisdiction over the results of a general election, and reviews actions to dismiss a President from office; Labor Court under supervision of Supreme Court began functioning in January 2006; the Anti-Corruption Court has jurisdiction over corruption cases brought by the independent Corruption Eradication Commission; in 2006, the Constitutional Court declared the mechanism by which the Anti-Corruption Court was established unconstitutional and gave the Parliament until the end of 2009 to pass Anti-Corruption Court legislation
Political parties and leaders:
Crescent Moon and Star Party or PBB [MS KABAN]; Democratic Party or PD [Hadi UTOMO]; Functional Groups Party or Golkar [Yusuf KALLA]; Indonesia Democratic Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri]; National Awakening Party or PKB [Muhaiman ISKANDAR]; National Mandate Party or PAN [Sutrisno BACHIR]; Prosperous Justice Party or PKS [Tifatul SEMBIRING]; United Development Party or PPP [Suryadharma ALI]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Indonesian Women's Coalition (Koalisi Perempuan - human rights group); Islamic Defenders Front or FPI; National Alliance for Freedom of Religion and Faith; Oil Palm Watch (environmental)
International organization participation:
ADB, APEC, APT, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CP, EAS, FAO, G-15, G-20, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOMIG, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador SUDJADNAN Parnohadiningrat chancery: 2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 775-5200 FAX: [1] (202) 775-5365 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Cameron R. HUME embassy: Jalan 1 Medan Merdeka Selatan 4-5, Jakarta 10110 mailing address: Unit 8129, Box 1, FPO AP 96520 telephone: [62] (21) 3435-9000 FAX: [62] (21) 3435-9922 consulate(s) general: Surabaya

Economy
Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation, has made significant economic advances under the administration of President YUDHOYONO, but faces challenges stemming from the global financial crisis and world economic downturn. Indonesia's debt-to-GDP ratio in recent years has declined steadily because of increasingly robust GDP growth and sound fiscal stewardship. The government has introduced significant reforms in the financial sector, including in the areas of tax and customs, the use of Treasury bills, and capital market supervision. Indonesia's investment law, passed in March 2007, seeks to address some of the concerns of foreign and domestic investors. Indonesia still struggles with poverty and unemployment, inadequate infrastructure, corruption, a complex regulatory environment, and unequal resource distribution among regions. The non-bank financial sector, including pension funds and insurance, remains weak, and despite efforts to broaden and deepen capital markets, they remain underdeveloped. Economic difficulties in early 2008 centered on high global food and oil prices and their impact on Indonesia's poor and on the budget. The onset of the global financial crisis dampened inflationary pressures, but increased risk aversion for emerging market assets resulted in large losses in the stock market, significant depreciation of the rupiah, and a difficult environment for bond issuance. As global demand has slowed and prices for Indonesia's commodity exports have fallen, Indonesia faces the prospect of growth significantly below the 6-plus percent recorded in 2007 and 2008.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$915.9 billion (2008 est.) $863.1 billion (2007) $811.1 billion (2006)
GDP (official exchange rate):
$510.8 billion (2008 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
6.1% (2008 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$3,900 (2008 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 13.5% industry: 45.6% services: 40.8% (2008 est.)
Labor force:
112 million (2008 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 42.1% industry: 18.6% services: 39.3% (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate:
8.4% (2008 est.)
Population below poverty line:
17.8% (2006)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 3.6% highest 10%: 28.5% (2002)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
39.4 (2005)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
11.1% (2008 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):
23.6% of GDP (2008)
Budget:
revenues: $101.1 billion expenditures: $101.6 billion (2008 est.)
Public debt:
30.1% of GDP (2008 est.)
Agriculture - products:
rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork, eggs
Industries:
petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism
Industrial production growth rate:
2.8% (2008 est.)
Electricity - production:
142.4 billion kWh (2007 est.)
Electricity - consumption:
121.2 billion kWh (2007 est.)
Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (2007 est.)
Electricity - imports:
0 kWh (2007 est.)
Oil - production:
977,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
Oil - consumption:
1.564 million bbl/day (2008 est.)
Oil - exports:
85,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
Oil - imports:
672,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
Oil - proved reserves:
3.99 billion bbl (1 January 2007 est.)
Natural gas - production:
56 billion cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
23.4 billion cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
32.6 billion cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
2.659 trillion cu m (1 January 2008 est.)
Current account balance:
$1 billion (2008 est.)
Exports:
$136.8 billion f.o.b. (2008 est.)
Exports - commodities:
oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber
Exports - partners:
Japan 20.7%, US 10.2%, Singapore 9.2%, China 8.5%, South Korea 6.6%, Malaysia 4.5%, India 4.3% (2007)
Imports:
$128.8 billion f.o.b. (2008 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
Imports - partners:
Singapore 13.2%, China 11.5%, Japan 8.8%, Malaysia 8.6%, US 6.4%, Thailand 5.8%, Saudi Arabia 4.5%, South Korea 4.3%, Australia 4% (2007)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$51.54 billion (31 December 2008)
Debt - external:
$151.7 billion (30 September 2008)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$63.46 billion (2008 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$4.277 billion (2008 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$111.5 billion (31 December 2008)
Currency (code):
Indonesian rupiah (IDR)
Exchange rates:
Indonesian rupiah (IDR) per US dollar - 9,698.9 (2008), 9,143 (2007), 9,159.3 (2006), 9,704.7 (2005), 8,938.9 (2004)
Fiscal year:
calendar year

Communications
Telephones in use:
17.828 million (2007)
Cellular Phones in use:
81.835 million (2007)
Telephone system:
general assessment: domestic service fair, international service good domestic: interisland microwave system and HF radio police net; domestic satellite communications system; coverage provided by existing network has been expanded by use of over 200,000 telephone kiosks many located in remote areas; mobile cellular subscribership growing rapidly international: country code - 62; landing point for both the SEA-ME-WE-3 and SEA-ME-WE-4 submarine cable networks that provide links throughout Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations:
AM 678, FM 43, shortwave 82 (1998)
Television broadcast stations:
54 local TV stations (11 national TV networks; each with its group of local transmitters) (2006)
Internet country code:
.id
Internet hosts:
753,200 (2008)
Internet users:
13 million (2007)

Transportation
Airports:
652 (2007)
Airports (paved runways):
total: 158 over 3,047 m: 4 2,438 to 3,047 m: 15 1,524 to 2,437 m: 51 914 to 1,523 m: 49 under 914 m: 39 (2007)
Airports (unpaved runways):
total: 494 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 27 under 914 m: 462 (2007)
Heliports:
17 (2007)
Pipelines:
condensate 735 km; condensate/gas 73 km; gas 5,797 km; oil 5,721 km; oil/gas/water 12 km; refined products 1,370 km; water 44 km (2008)
Railways:
total: 6,458 km narrow gauge: 5,961 km 1.067-m gauge (125 km electrified); 497 km 0.750-m gauge (2006)
Roadways:
total: 391,009 km paved: 216,714 km unpaved: 174,295 km (2005)
Waterways:
21,579 km (2008)
Merchant marine:
total: 971 by type: bulk carrier 54, cargo 514, chemical tanker 35, container 80, liquefied gas 7, passenger 44, passenger/cargo 68, petroleum tanker 143, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 10, specialized tanker 10, vehicle carrier 4 foreign-owned: 43 (China 2, France 1, Germany 1, Japan 6, Norway 1, Philippines 1, Singapore 27, Taiwan 2, UAE 2) registered in other countries: 114 (Bahamas 2, Cambodia 2, China 1, Hong Kong 7, Liberia 2, Mongolia 1, Panama 31, Singapore 66, unknown 2) (2008)
Ports and terminals:
Banjarmasin, Belawan, Ciwandan, Kotabaru, Krueg Geukueh, Palembang, Panjang, Sungai Pakning, Tanjung Perak, Tanjung Priok

Military

Military branches:
Indonesian Armed Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia, TNI): Army (TNI-Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD)), Navy (TNI-Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL); includes marines, naval air arm), Air Force (TNI-Angkatan Udara (TNI-AU)), National Air Defense Command (Kommando Pertahanan Udara Nasional (Kohanudnas)) (2008)
Military service age and obligation:
18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year conscript service obligation, with reserve obligation to age 45 (officers); Indonesian citizens only (2008)
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16-49: 63,800,825 females age 16-49: 61,729,717 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16-49: 52,997,922 females age 16-49: 52,503,046 (2009 est.)